Which element is a short column on an abutment or pier that directly supports a superstructure primary member?

• A. Parapet
• B. Pier
• C. Pedestal
• D. Railing

Answer: (C)

The element described is the pedestal. In bridge load paths, the deck girders or other primary superstructure members rest on bearings or bearing surfaces that sit on a small, often short column or block called a pedestal. This pedestal sits on top of the abutment or pier and directly transfers the loads from the superstructure into the substructure below, helping to set the correct height and alignment and to distribute stresses. Parapets and railings are safety features along the edges and do not carry the primary structural loads. A pier is the main vertical support that carries loads down to the foundations, but the specific short column that directly supports the superstructure member on top of the abutment or pier is the pedestal.